Women experience heart disease differently than men, often in smaller blood vessels (microvascular disease) rather than major arteries. Symptoms like chest discomfort, fatigue, nausea, or back pain can be missed as they differ from “textbook” signs. Diagnostic tools like angiograms and stress tests are less effective for women, and they are less likely to receive necessary medications or attend cardiac rehab, which is crucial for recovery. Factors like pregnancy, menopause, hormonal changes, and systemic inequities also impact heart health. Indigenous and racialized women face higher risks due to systemic barriers. Empowerment, education, and equitable care are essential to improve outcomes.
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