Women are more vulnerable to alcohols adverse consequences and alcohol has a profound impact on women’s health compared to men. Although, alcohol’s link to breast cancer is the most well known and documented in the research literature, the consequences to our overall health, including heart and liver disease is extremely high for women, of every age, who have three or more drinks per week. Women’s bodies contain proportionately less water and more fat than a man’s. Water dilutes alcohol and fat retains it, so organs are exposed to higher concentrations of alcohol for longer periods of time. At any given dose, our blood alcohol levels will be higher than a man’s, even taking into account differences in body weight. As a result one drink for a woman is roughly equivalent to two drinks for a man. As women age their bodies contain even less water and more fat, so blood alcohol levels rise even faster. Also, women absorb and metabolize alcohol differently than men. This difference is due to variations in the amount of the enzyme responsible for metabolizing alcohol. Women have less of this enzyme in their stomach, small intestine and liver. As 30% of alcohol goes through the stomach directly into the blood stream this means that the alcohol goes through the bloodstream to all cells of the body less diluted and in higher concentrations.
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